Confidentiality is the property of preventing disclosure of information to unauthorized individuals or systems

In information security, integrity means that data cannot be modified without authorization.

For any information system to serve its purpose, the information must be available when it is needed.

In computing, e-Business and information security it is necessary to ensure that the data, transactions, communications or documents (electronic or physical) are genuine.

"Risk management is the process of identifying vulnerabilities and threats to the information resources used by an organization in achieving business objectives, and deciding what countermeasures, if any, to take in reducing risk to an acceptable level, based on the value of the information resource to the organization."